Everything You Need To Know About The Different Types Of Dyslexia
A lot of people are confused with the meaning of dyslexia.
What is dyslexia?
There are actually two different meanings of dyslexia.
The first meaning is the literal meaning since it is based on the etymology of the word itself, “Dys” means problematic or wrong then “lexia” means pertaining to letters or words. The literal meaning of dyslexia is problems with words. People that are having difficulty in reading has dyslexia.
The second meaning is more wider when it comes to its use and its application. This meaning is usually used by adults with dyslexia or parents of dyslexics. In the application aspect, dyslexia refers to a number of symptom such as problems with spelling, writing and reading, poor memory, does not have physical coordination and has difficulty in hearing.
This means that the word dyslexia really depends on how it is being used.
In the year 1973, Newcombe and Marshall divided the word dyslexia and they provided descriptions for every kind. The first ideas were about the double deficit dyslexia, surface dyslexia and phonological dyslexia.
Here are the different kinds of dyslexia:
A. Surface dyslexia
One symptom of surface dyslexia is when the person is having mistakes and is inconsistent with the English pronunciation. For example, the word bowl is pronounced as howl and the word pretty is pronounced as jetty
Phonological dyslexia is the difficulty of grasping the phonics of the English language. People that have phonological dyslexia have problems in reading new words.
C. Double deficit dyslexia
Double deficit dyslexia is the term that they use for individuals that have phonological dyslexia and surface dyslexia.
D. Visual dyslexia and auditory dyslexia
Both of these types are derived from the magnocellular theory of dyslexia. In this theory, people with dyslexia are neurologically weak in their magnocellular cells that can be found in the thalamus part of brain. This part of the brain is where they process visual and auditory information.
There are studies that proves that people with dyslexia have difficulties in processing auditory information and visual information.
This means that children that have poor visual skills but have average hearing skills can be diagnosed as visual dyslexia, and those children that have poor hearing skills but average visual skills are diagnosed with auditory dyslexia.
E. Orthographic dyslexia
Orthography is a group of letters and symbols that creates a language. The english alphabet has 26 letters, while for the Chinese and Japanese language they have thousands of different types of symbols. This means that orthographic dyslexia is problems with the identification and manipulation of letters in spelling, writing and reading.